The design of the Citizen Voice and Action (CVA) module of the Nobo Jatra Program (NJP) in Bangladesh aimed to harness, mobilize, and improve aspects of the behaviors and lives of citizens while also enhancing their linkages with important institutional actors to promote government service provision through social accountability. In evaluating CVA, we can therefore summarize impact and effectiveness by looking at attributable changes with respect to citizens, institutions, and accountability. The CVA evaluation for NJP was launched with World Vision and its evaluation team in September 2019. CVA did succeed in the NJP project areas with respect to the processes and outcomes it intended to improve, as confirmed by quantitative indicators and qualitative assessments. The linkage we identified as being most relevant in explaining why CVA was working involves overcoming inertia on the part of citizens, duty bearers and service providers, as well as other relevant institutional actors.
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